These 10 departments where the heat wave will transform the accommodation into kettles

Météo France predicts an increase of 2.7 degrees of the average annual temperature in France, by 2050. In the departments most threatened by heat, 3 dwellings out of 4 already have an insufficient or average summer comfort indicator.

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This Tuesday, July 1, 16 French departments are placed by Météo France in heat wave vigilance Red, with temperatures likely to peak at 40 or 41 degrees. Enough to transform a number of poorly insulated dwellings into real thermal kettles in the next few days. By 2050, “These are more DE 80 % of French housing that may become thermal kettlesunder the effect of the announced increase in temperatures ”Redoute Hello Watt, a company specializing in energy efficiency.

Météo France predicts a new increase in the average annual temperature in France, by 2.7 degrees, by 2050. A temperature that has already increased by 1.7 degrees since the 1990s, recalls Hello Watt. But the housing park “Remains very badly armed»Faced with global warming, worries society, stressing that nearly 80% of energy performance diagnostics (DPE) are classified “insufficient” or “means” under the summer comfort indicator. “MoreOne in three accommodation is noted insufficient»»insists Hello Watt, who used the databases of the Ecological Transition Agency (ADEME).

© Hello Watt

– the most at risk of thermal kettles in 2050

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Vaucluse, Gard and Lot at the top of the list

By multiplying the proportion of poorly classified accommodation in terms of summer comfort by the number of days likely to become very hot in 2050, the company has developed a map of 10 departments risking counting the largest part of thermal kettles on this horizon. Logically, all are located in the south of the country. The three departments that arrive at the head – the Vaucluse, the Gard and the Lot – should see the number of very hot days over a year double by 2050, to reach 12 days, according to Météo France Climadiag. At the same time, in these territories most threatened by heat, Three out of four dwellings already have an insufficient or average summer comfort indicator. Which “Place their occupants on the front line of summer precariousness”deplores Hello Watt.

But it is a safe bet that the energy kettles are actually even more numerous in these departments. For the simple reason that the reliability of the summer comfort indicator “Is highly contested”regrets Hello Watt, pointing to the finger “Incomplete algorithms, unresolved housing and a methodology that neglects essential parameters, such as the location or thermal inertia”. According to a study published a year ago by Pouget Consultants and Ignes firms, a revision of the summer indicator would change 90% of the French housing park In the insufficient or average category!

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Filled the DPE summer comfort indicator

A gap that Hello Watt judges “All the more problematic than certain accommodation, however well classified in the DPE on the winter level, offer mediocre summer comfort”. “”Housing can display a note B at the DPE and yet become unlivable in summer. This creates real misunderstanding in individuals, who end up no longer trusting the tool ”is alarmed by Pierre-François Morin, director of the energy renovation activity of Hello Watt. For whom “It is urgent to make the DPE more reliable and consistent with the climatic issues”. The Ministry of Housing should offer avenues for improving summer heat into the DPE this summer.

In the meantime, there are already concrete solutions to improve the summer comfort of housing, recalls Pierre-François Morin. Starting with the insulation of walls and roofs with bio-based materials with high thermal phase shift, that is to say capable of delaying the penetration of heat into the wall. Like the wood woolwhich delays the entrance to the heat of about eight hours, twice as much as the expanded polystyrene, or the nita-cotton cotton wool, which offers a five-hour phase shift.

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Hallows and reversible air conditioning

Second solution, the installation ofExternal occultations On the windows. A window equipped with shutters reduces the sunscreen of 85%, assures Hello Watt, which considers it as “The simplest, the least energy -consuming and cheapest technique to lower the interior temperature from 2 to 5 ° C”.

Finally, the company advises to use a reversible air conditioning system, which refreshes the accommodation in summer and heats it in winter. Like the Air-to-air heat pumpswhich capture the exterior calories and restore them in the accommodation in the form of heat or freshness.