It is one of the most feared in Europe.
Present on all continents, volcanoes are fascinating natural phenomena, but some can also represent a major risk for populations. It is estimated that there are more than 1,500 volcanoes active in the world, many of which are closely monitored because of their eruptive potential and their proximity to inhabited areas. One of them, located a few hundred kilometers from France, is often cited among the most feared volcanoes due to its potentially explosive activity. The Global Volcanism Program of the Smithsonian Institution, specializing in the surveillance, documentation and study of active volcanoes, even recognized it as the most “dangerous” volcano in the world.
This is called a “stratovolcan”: a high volcano, conical in shape formed by the accumulation of successive layers of lava, ash and volcanic rocks from several eruptions. It is the only active volcano on the European continent. Its most catastrophic eruption occurred in 79 AD and had dramatic consequences for the population. After several centuries of calm, the volcano woke up in 1631 causing the death of 3,000 to 6,000 people, according to historical estimates. And if he has not erupted for 80 years, there is still a source of concern today because of its proximity to a very densely populated region, where around 6 million people live.
Geology enthusiasts may have guessed it: it is Vesuvius, a volcano formed almost 2 million years ago which is in southern Italy, on the west coast of the Italian peninsula, in the Campania region. It is located about 9 kilometers east of Naples, one of the largest cities in the country. Its summit peaks at 1,277 meters and its crater is currently 450 meters in diameter and 300 meters deep.
Experts believe that a new eruption could occur in the medium term, which could cause significant evacuation measures for populations close to the volcano. The Italian Civil Proter has set up a national emergency plan, which identifies a “red zone” requiring immediate evacuation in the event of an eruption. This plan is based on scientific studies and in -depth analyzes, stressing the high risk that Vesuvius represents for the surrounding populations. However, although Vesuvius is an active volcano, it is today closely monitored by experts, which allows you to visit its slopes safely in a marked, supervised and protected setting.
